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Lung Cancer Risk in People Who Don't Smoke

Lung cancer is the main cause of death in smokers. But even people who don't smoke can contract the disease.

Avoid smoking or interacting with secondhand smoke to lower your risk. Reduce your exposure to radon as well as other air pollutants, including asbestos and arsenic by eating a healthy diet.

Smoking

Cigarette smoking accounts for about 85 percent of lung cancer deaths. It damages the airways, sacs of air (alveoli) in the lungs, and also cilia (tiny hair-like structures that keep dirt and mucus from entering the lung). This can increase your risk of developing lung cancer as well as other diseases. Smoking cigarettes can also increase the risk of developing emphysema and other respiratory issues and increase the chance that you'll suffer from heart disease or a stroke. Smoking can increase your chances of developing osteoporosis, diabetes and rheumatoidarthritis, and cataracts.

Squamous cell cancer is the most well-known form of lung cancer. It starts in flat cells that line the airways. This type of cancer could be spread to lymph nodes and to the bones. Other forms of lung cancer include adenocarcinoma. These tumors begin in the larger airways. These cancers can grow faster than squamous-cell carcinomas and can spread to other parts of the body. The risk of lung cancer also increased by exposure to certain chemicals that are present in the workplace including arsenic, for example. diesel exhaust.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke

Smoke from tobacco is a source of harmful chemicals. Even brief exposure to it increases your risk of lung diseases and some cancers, like nasal and lung cancer. Secondhand smoke is the smoke that is released by cigars, cigarettes, pipes, or by smokers themselves. It is also known as passive or involuntary smoking, or as environmental tobacco smoke. It is made up of over 7000 chemicals. Of the 7,000 chemicals, a few hundred are toxic and 70 can cause cancer.

Nonsmokers who live in a household with smokers are at risk of being at risk of breathing problems and illnesses, including lung and respiratory diseases, heart disease and cancer. Babies exposed to ETS during pregnancy are at a higher risk of having low birth weight and Lung Cancer Deaths are more likely than other babies to experience asthma, wheezing, coughing and a lot of phlegm.

Children who live in a family where smokers smoke are at a greater risk chance of developing childhood cancers like lymphoma, leukemia and liver cancer. They also suffer from increased respiratory problems, like asthma, bronchitis, or pneumonia. Smokers pets are at greater risk of nasal and lung cancers, gastrointestinal tract diseases such as eye and skin irritations and other illnesses.

Exposure to Radiation

When X-rays and other forms of radiation come into contact with living tissue, energy is deposited. The energy can move molecules, alter them into a new form or break chemical bonds. If the energy level is high enough it can cause damage to cells and trigger a variety of symptoms.

The exposure to radiation increases the risk of lung cancer in both the smokers who have smoked and those who have not. It also increases the risk of developing certain types of tumors. It is not clear whether this is due directly to radiation effects, or indirectly through its interaction with other cancer-causing agents.

The amount of radiation that is emitted from a single screening LDCT exam is much less than the average background radiation each year (see the figure). Furthermore, technological advancements over time have reduced the amount of radiation emitted by these tests.

Radiation from X-rays, gamma or other radiations is used to treat many kinds of cancers and is among the most effective treatments available for certain cancers. The treatment is effective but it increases the likelihood of a second cancer later in life. It also increases the chance of developing a lung cancer which is not related to the initial treatment.

Family History of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is complicated and it is becoming apparent that genetic susceptibility might be a factor in the development of lung cancer. A family history of lung cancer is linked to an increased risk of developing the disease in women and men. The risk of developing lung cancer is different between histologic types.

A genome-wide study of families with multiple relatives with lung cancer of the first degree found an important correlation in the 6q23-25 region. This suggests that rare mutations may be responsible for the development of familial cancer. A recent study by Bailey Wilson and co. identified one germline variation (BRCA2p16) that is associated with a familial pulmonary cancer. This further confirms the importance of genetic factors.

In contrast to other cancers that are common the majority of cases of lung cancer are detected in advanced stages after the cancer has spread to other regions of the body. The prognosis for patients suffering from lung cancer is poor in comparison to other types of cancer. This is because it is difficult to cure the disease once it has spread. The majority of lung cancer patients die from complications.

Environmental Factors

The effects of occupational and environmental factors are the most frequent causes of lung cancer. Environmental exposures can be the ionizing effects (such as radon, ultraviolet (UV) radiation), metals, chemicals, and pollutants from industrial emissions, wood smokes second-hand smokes, and air pollution. The occupational exposures are linked to lung cancer caused by substances like asbestos, dioxin compounds pesticides and phenols.

You can have more control over the environmental factors which increase your risk of cancer than you believe. Avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke, and safeguarding yourself from carcinogenic chemicals are easy steps to drastically reduce your risk. Also, a diet rich in vegetables and fruits is essential for preventing cancer.